Pyoderma in dogs: causes, symptoms and treatment in Dubai

What is pyoderma in dogs?

Every dog (and human) has a natural population of bacteria on their skin. Pyoderma occurs when these bacteria penetrate deeper tissue layers through breaks in the skin or when the skin’s defences are weakened.

• Pyoderma is a bacterial skin infection in dogs. There is usually an underlying trigger.
• It usually develops when scratching, trauma, or another problem damages the skin barrier.
• Superficial pyoderma (infection in the upper skin layers) is the most common type.
• Other forms of pyoderms include:
  • Skin fold pyoderma, common in breeds like Bulldogs, Pugs, and Shar-Peis
  • Puppy pyoderma: usually mild and often self-limiting
  • Hot spots (moist dermatitis)
  • Deep pyoderma (involving deeper layers of the skin, harder to treat)

Common underlying causes:

• Fleas and ticks
• Mange (mites)
• Food or environmental allergies
• Endocrine (hormonal) illnesses, such as hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease
• Illnesses or medications that suppress immunity
• Poor diet or stress

Most mild or superficial cases resolve in 1–3 weeks with prompt effective treatment. Deeper infections may need several months of care.

Symptoms of pyoderma in dogs

Signs vary depending on severity. Early recognition and treatment can prevent the condition from worsening:

• Itchiness: scratching, licking, or biting, though not all dogs are itchy
• Spots: pustules or “whiteheads” on the skin
• Red, angry appearance: inflamed skin or circular scabs
• Crusting or flaking: dry patches or dandruff-like flakes
• Unpleasant odour: smelly skin from bacterial overgrowth
• Hair loss: thinning coat or bald spots around lesions

Deep pyoderma:

• Painful, oozing wounds with pus or blood
• Thickened or darkened skin over time
• Fever, lethargy, or reduced appetite

Seek prompt vet advice if you notice any of these signs. Especially in Dubai’s climate, where the heat and humidity mean infections get worse quickly.

Dogs at a higher risk of pyoderma

Although any dog can get pyoderma, some have additional risk factors:

• Breeds with lots of skin folds, including Bulldogs, Pugs, Shar-Peis, and Spaniels. Moisture and bacteria accumulate in folds.
• Dogs with allergies: flea, food, or environmental allergies increase risk.
• German Shepherds: prone to a severe form of deep pyoderma.
• Living in Dubai: dogs in humid homes, sandy outdoor areas, or having frequent grooming/bathing may be more prone to pyoderma if their skin barrier is disrupted.

How is pyoderma diagnosed?

Diagnosis is usually straightforward and based on the symptoms and history. Your vet may advise further tests to identify underlying causes or select the best treatment:

• Skin scrapes, swabs, and hair plucks to rule out parasites or fungi
• Skin cytology: checking skin cells under a microscope
• Bacterial culture and sensitivity testing: confirming bacterial infection and identifying suitable antibiotics for effective treatment
• Blood and urine tests to check for general health and thyroid or hormonal problems
• Allergy testing to assess underlying allergic skin disease
• Skin biopsy in chronic or unusual cases

The treatment for pyoderma in dogs

Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause.

Mild/localised pyoderma:

• Topical treatment with medicated shampoos: containing chlorhexidine, benzoyl peroxide
• Antibacterial creams or mousses

Widespread or deep pyoderma:

• Prolonged courses (6–12 weeks) of oral antibiotics: selected following bacterial culture
• Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medication to reduce discomfort

Treatment for underlying causes:

• Parasite control
• Allergy management: diet trials, anti-allergy medication
• Specific treatments for hormonal illnesses

With prompt identification and treatment, most dogs improve within a few weeks. Deep or recurrent cases may take months of treatment to settle. It can take patience and strict adherence to the treatment plans agreed with your vet.

Home care for a dog with pyoderma

Home care is a vital part of recovery:

• Keep your dog’s bedding clean and dry
• Give medications at the prescribed dose and times, and complete the course
• Use topical treatments exactly as directed
• Prevent licking or scratching with a buster (cone) collar or medical suit
• Provide a balanced, good-quality diet to support the skin barrier
• Schedule follow-up checks with your vet to ensure the infection is resolving

Tips for preventing pyoderma in dogs

Prevention is especially important in Dubai, where the hot climate increases infection risks:

• Keep skin folds clean and dry: use antibacterial wipes if needed
• Maintain year-round flea and tick preventive care
• Provide a high-quality, balanced diet; consider supplements containing omega fatty acids to improve skin health
• Work with your vet to identify allergies early
• Bathe your dog regularly, under veterinary advice
• Avoid over-bathing with harsh products: these strip natural oils and weaken the skin barrier

Can people or other pets catch pyoderma?

Pyoderma isn’t directly contagious. However, some of the bacteria involved (such as Staphylococcus) occasionally transfer between dogs and humans. The risk is extremely low in healthy people and is reduced further with good hygiene. Wash your hands after handling your dog’s skin or wound dressings.

When to worry

Book an urgent appointment with your vet if:

• Your dog is constantly scratching or biting at their skin
• Skin sores are getting worse or spreading
• Your dog is lethargic, not eating, or showing signs of pain

Call your vet for advice if:

• Your puppy has developed skin spots
• You need help with medicated bathing routines
• You’re unsure which parasite preventative is best for your dog

Concerned about your dog’s skin?
If your dog has signs of pyoderma, book a check-up at Modern Vet Hospital in Dubai. Their veterinary team can diagnose the cause, treat the infection, and help you manage underlying conditions to prevent recurrence. From simple skin infections to long-term care, Modern Vet Hospital provides compassionate and professional support for dogs across Dubai.